![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() While in some studies, all participants presented complete anterograde amnesia for procedure, in other investigations, only a few patients failed to remember perioperative events. The degree of amnesia can differ according to the drug, the measurement used to study memory, and the characteristics of the participants. Although the memory effects of sedatives have been reported in children, it is still unclear to what extent amnesia is present in clinical practice. A wide variety of drugs have been investigated to explore their effects on either anterograde or retrograde amnesia, which refer to the inability to consciously recall information presented after or before drug intake, respectively. Some sedatives can impair memory temporarily either directly, via drug interference with memory process (drug-induced amnesia), or indirectly, by impairing attention and arousal secondary to their sedative effects. Thus, amnesia is an important component of sedation for pediatric patients who will undergo uncomfortable healthcare procedures. Moreover, children that experience traumatic clinical procedures are expected to display negative behaviors in future dental appointments. In fact, it has been demonstrated that memories of distressing events play a significant role in the development of dental phobias. Remembering an aversive stimulus can lead to the development of psychological trauma. In the practice of anesthesia, amnesia is a therapeutically desirable effect that is considered one of the key pillars of the triad of anesthesia. Thus, if pediatric patients are responsive and/or show a distressed reaction while sedated, the question of whether they remember perioperative events is an important one. Over the past five years, it has been shown that the success rate of sedation in children and adolescents in a medical or a dental setting ranges from 26.7% to 96.2%. However, sedation can fail in some situations, meaning that the patient has unwanted degrees of uncooperative behavior that requires intervention, such as protective stabilization. Specifically, patients may respond normally or purposefully to a stimulus. It is widely accepted that some responsiveness is expected during sedation. ![]() Pediatric patients can benefit from sedation, a pharmacological approach that aims to control anxiety and behavior, reduce physical discomfort, promote patient safety, and minimize the chance of psychological trauma by maximizing the potential for amnesia. Health procedures can lead to fear, anxiety and behavior management problems in children and adolescents. Karolline Alves Viana, Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, 1 Anelise Daher, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, 1 Lucianne Cople Maia, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, # 2 Paulo Sucasas Costa, Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, # 3 Carolina de Castro Martins, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, # 4 Saul Martins Paiva, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, # 4 and Luciane Rezende Costa, Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing 5, * ![]()
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